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<title>Internationale-Pharmaceutica-Sciencia-ISSUE VOLUME Volume 19 ISSUE Issue 1</title>
<link>http://ipharmsciencia.edwiserinternational.com/rss-feed.php</link>
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Internationale-Pharmaceutica-Sciencia: VOLUME Volume 19 ISSUE Issue 1, 2026 2026
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<title>Internationale-Pharmaceutica-Sciencia-ISSUE VOLUME Volume 19 ISSUE Issue 1</title>
<link>http://ipharmsciencia.edwiserinternational.com/rss-feed.php</link>
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		<title>Neuroprotective-Effects-of-Natural-Compounds-in-Neurodegenerative-Diseases-Mechanisms-and-Therapeutic-Potential</title>
		<pubDate>09-Mar-2026</pubDate>
<link>http://ipharmsciencia.edwiserinternational.com/admin/uploads/EcDWpn.pdf</link>
		<author>Md-Javed-Karim-Basit-Fazal</author>
		<comments>{http://www.edwiserinternational.com/contact-us.php}</comments>
		<category>Pharmaceutical Science,Medical Science</category>
		<description>{<![CDATA[Neurodegenerative disorders are largely defined by neuron loss. Growing older makes people more susceptible to neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs). Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and other neurodegenerative illnesses are typified by a progressive loss of neuronal structure and function that leads to the death of neuronal cells. Neurodegenerative disorders currently have no known cure, and the treatments that are available have poor efficacy and side effects. Neurodegenerative illnesses, despite their varied clinical presentations, are complex conditions with common characteristics and mechanisms include aberrant protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and Neuroinflammation. Targeting multiple mechanisms of action and utilising a neuroprotective approach, which aims to restore function to damaged neurons and prevent cell death, could be promising strategies for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, as multiple pathological mechanisms are linked to neurodegeneration. Herbal plants defines many plants with therapeutic benefits for treating neurodegenerative disorders that have antioxidant activity and describes the majority of neurodegenerative diseases. In this section, the role of fifteen important Herbal plants, such as, Withania somnifera (ashwagandha), Bacopa monnieri (brahmi), Centella asiatica (gotu kola), and Mucuna pruriens (velvet bean), Maidenhair tree (Ginkgo biloba), Ginseng (Panax ginseng), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Resveratrol (polygonum cuspidatum), Wolfberry (Lycium barbarum), Shankhapushpi (Convolvulus prostratus), Honey (Apis mellifera), Lions Mane (Hericium erinaceus), Saffron (Crocus sativus), Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze), and Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) on neurodegenerative diseases are discussed.]]>}</description>
		</item><item>
		<title>Anemia-Etiology-Epidemiology-Pathophysiology-and-Prevention-Strategies-with-Special-Reference-to-India</title>
		<pubDate>09-Mar-2026</pubDate>
<link>http://ipharmsciencia.edwiserinternational.com/admin/uploads/YcI0FD.pdf</link>
		<author>Md-Javed-Karim-Basit-Fazal</author>
		<comments>{http://www.edwiserinternational.com/contact-us.php}</comments>
		<category>Pharmaceutical Science,Medical Science</category>
		<description>{<![CDATA[Anemia, marked by reduced hemoglobin levels or red blood cell mass, poses a critical global health challengeparticularly across low- and middle-income countries. This project offers a comprehensive examination of anemias diverse etiology, epidemiology, clinical presentations, and preventive frameworks, with a particular emphasis on its high prevalence in India. Despite sustained public health efforts, anemia disproportionately affects children, adolescent girls, and pregnant women, largely due to nutritional deficiencies, infectious diseases, suboptimal diets, socioeconomic disadvantages, and limited access to care. The study explores key anemia typesiron-deficiency, megaloblastic, hemolytic, aplastic, sickle cell anemia, and thalassemiadetailing their pathophysiology, morphological changes, clinical signs, and diagnostic protocols. It highlights the essential role of iron, folate, and vitamin B in hematopoiesis and how their deficiencies amplify disease burden. Drawing on WHO and NFHS data, the project reveals significant regional disparities, especially in states like Bihar, where gender-based inequities and cultural factors intensify vulnerability. Beyond clinical concerns, the study addresses anemias broader socioeconomic impactslinking untreated cases to impaired child development, lowered productivity, higher maternal mortality, and losses to national GDP.]]>}</description>
		</item><item>
		<title>Development-Evaluation-of-Multi-Herbal-Tea-with-Anti-Asthmatic-Properties</title>
		<pubDate>09-May-2026</pubDate>
<link>http://ipharmsciencia.edwiserinternational.com/admin/uploads/IrCFs3.pdf</link>
		<author>Kumar-A-Archana-Fazal-B-et-al</author>
		<comments>{http://www.edwiserinternational.com/contact-us.php}</comments>
		<category>Pharmaceutical Science,Medical Science</category>
		<description>{<![CDATA[Asthma is a chronic disease characterized by obstruction, nonspecific bronchial hyperreactivity, inflammation, and airway remodeling. While modern anti-asthmatic drugs are widely available, they have drawbacks such as side effects and cost variations, which can hinder treatment adherence. A review of the literature highlights the potential of traditional herbal medicines as an alternative for asthma management. However, many communities are hesitant to use these due to the lack of established mechanisms of action regarding their anti- asthmatic potential. Ajowain seed, kalaonji, tulsi, triphala, vasaka leave, mulethi root and clove were the major herbal ingredients. All ingredients were finely powdered using sieve mesh no. 80. The formulation produced which entailed properly mixing all of the formulation using a geometrical method with variable powder weight, were evaluated for different parameters which included organoleptic, angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, dust leak and Evaluation of extractive matter. All formulations from F1, F2, F3 and F4 were created. The findings corroborated the herbal tea quality, safety and usability. Formulation F3 was chosen as the best option across all studies, demonstrating best results in different evaluation parameters. Additional research and development routes be pursued to investigate its prolonged performance and effectiveness.]]>}</description>
		</item><item>
		<title>Development-and-Evaluation-of-Vinca-Extract-Based-Herbal-Syrup-with-Anti-Cancerous-Properties-</title>
		<pubDate>09-May-2026</pubDate>
<link>http://ipharmsciencia.edwiserinternational.com/admin/uploads/md0UcR.pdf</link>
		<author>Thakur-A-Archana-Fazal-B-et-al-</author>
		<comments>{http://www.edwiserinternational.com/contact-us.php}</comments>
		<category>Pharmaceutical Science,Medical Science</category>
		<description>{<![CDATA[Objective: The objective of the present research project was to develop and evaluate an herbal syrup of vinca extract with anti-cancerous properties. The major chemical constituents of Vinca are Vincristine and vinblastine which are widely used in the treatment of several cancers, including lymphoblastic leukemia, breast cancer, skin cancer, and Hodgkin's disease. Uncontrolled cell division, which has the potential to spread to other body parts, is the hallmark of the genetic disease known as cancer. Nevertheless, no known syrup made from the vinca plant or its extract has been created as of yet. Since cancer is a debilitating illness, the formulation and assessment of a herbal syrup made of alcoholic vinca extract may help patients comply with treatment while they are in a weakened state and find it easier to take the syrup orally. Material and methods: The Vinca extract syrup was formulated using alcoholic extract of Vinca. The Vinca extract Syrups are easy to formulate (F1, F2, F3) and help overcome many disease states and are patient compliant. This paper deals with the formulation of laboratory scale vinca syrup. Result: Various parameters were evaluated such as PH (F1-7.00, F2-7.10, F3-7.00), Specific gravity (F1-1.131g/ml, F2-1.124g/ml, F3-1.121g/ml), Viscosity (F1-3.70cp, F2-3.66cp, F3-3.60cp), Density (F1-1.170g/ml, F2-1.163g/ml, F3-1.160g/ml), stability testing. Conclusion: The syrup was found to be stable and ready for technology transfer. It has potential to be used as a potent supplement in the treatment strategies of cancer. However, further research is required before its clinical application.]]>}</description>
		</item><item>
		<title>Nanosponge-Based-Topical-Delivery-of-Anti-Acne-Agents-Formulation-Strategies-Published-Evidence-and-Translational-Prospects</title>
		<pubDate>13-Sep-2026</pubDate>
<link>http://ipharmsciencia.edwiserinternational.com/admin/uploads/UaOVKg.pdf</link>
		<author>Kumar-S-Kumar-P-Fazal-B-et-al-</author>
		<comments>{http://www.edwiserinternational.com/contact-us.php}</comments>
		<category>Pharmaceutical Science,Medical Science</category>
		<description>{<![CDATA[Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit driven by interacting abnormalities in sebum production, follicular keratinization, Cutibacterium acnes-associated inflammation and host immune responses. Benzoyl peroxide, topical retinoids and other guideline-supported agents remain effective, but local irritation, formulation-dependent tolerability, instability of some actives and adherence challenges continue to motivate advanced topical delivery approaches. Nanosponges are porous, cross-linked particulate carriersfrequently based on cyclodextrins or polymers such as ethyl cellulosewith internal cavities and high surface area that can modify drug solubility, retention and release. This project critically verifies published evidence on anti-acne nanosponge systems, with particular emphasis on benzoyl peroxide and azelaic acid. The published benzoyl peroxide study identified an ethyl-cellulose formulation (F9) with a particle-size range of 80200 nm and loading efficiency of 87.9  1.38%. Its 5% nanosponge-gel formulation (F9C) showed 98.39% cumulative release/permeation at 12 h in the reported in-vitro study, a flux of 0.1672 mg/cmh, a drug content of 95.74%, and non-Fickian release behavior. The formulation remained physically acceptable during 60 days of accelerated storage. Independent work with -cyclodextrin nanosponges loaded with azelaic acid reported approximately five-fold improvement in aqueous solubility, 228 nm mean particle size, 0.14 polydispersity index, 21 mV zeta potential, approximately 88% encapsulation efficiency and controlled 24-h release. These data support nanosponges as promising topical carriers, but they do not establish clinical superiority. The main translational gaps are limited human clinical evidence, inconsistent terminology and characterization, scale-up, long-term safety, standardization of release/permeation methods, and the need to demonstrate clinically meaningful improvement over optimized conventional formulations.]]>}</description>
		</item><item>
		<title>Skin-Cancer-Epidemiology-Risk-Factors-Molecular-Pathogenesis-Non-Invasive-Diagnosis-and-Contemporary-Therapeutic-Strategies-</title>
		<pubDate>13-Sep-2026</pubDate>
<link>http://ipharmsciencia.edwiserinternational.com/admin/uploads/TGshBc.pdf</link>
		<author>Kumar-S-Kumar-P-Fazal-B-et-al</author>
		<comments>{http://www.edwiserinternational.com/contact-us.php}</comments>
		<category>Pharmaceutical Science,Medical Science</category>
		<description>{<![CDATA[Skin cancer comprises a heterogeneous group of malignancies with markedly different biological behavior, ranging from locally destructive but usually slow-growing basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and potentially metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) to melanoma, the most aggressive major cutaneous malignancy. The attached thesis identifies ultraviolet (UV) radiation as the principal modifiable driver and reviews the contributions of phenotype, genetic susceptibility, immunosuppression, chronic inflammation and carcinogen exposure. It also describes the transition from conventional clinical examination and biopsy toward dermoscopy, total-body photography, reflectance confocal microscopy, ultrasound, spectroscopy, electrical bio-impedance, tape stripping, multispectral imaging and computer-assisted analysis. This review updates that framework using contemporary evidence and emphasizes the clinical integration rather than the replacement of histopathology by emerging technologies. UV-associated DNA damage, oxidative stress and disruption of tumor-suppressor and oncogenic signaling form the biological basis of carcinogenesis. BCC is strongly associated with aberrant Hedgehog signaling, whereas melanoma commonly involves MAPK-pathway alterations including BRAF and NRAS. Treatment is stage- and subtype-dependent: surgery remains the principal curative treatment for most localized tumors, while advanced melanoma is managed increasingly with immune-checkpoint inhibitors and molecularly targeted therapy; advanced BCC and cSCC also have effective systemic targeted and immune-based options. Artificial intelligence (AI) can augment image interpretation, but external validation, dataset diversity, clinical workflow integration and explainability remain important limitations. Prevention through UV avoidance, protective clothing, shade and broad-spectrum sunscreen is a high-value population strategy. A future model of skin-cancer care will combine risk-adapted surveillance, multimodal non-invasive imaging, pathology and molecular profiling with individualized treatment and long-term prevention.]]>}</description>
		</item><item>
		<title>Antibiotic-Usage-Trends-and-Rationality-in-Clinical-Practice-A-Narrative-Review-</title>
		<pubDate>25-Sep-2026</pubDate>
<link>http://ipharmsciencia.edwiserinternational.com/admin/uploads/Pr9fy7.pdf</link>
		<author>Kumari-P-Kumar-P-Fazal-B-et-al-</author>
		<comments>{http://www.edwiserinternational.com/contact-us.php}</comments>
		<category>Pharmaceutical Science,Medical Science</category>
		<description>{<![CDATA[Antibiotics have transformed clinical medicine by making previously life-threatening bacterial infections treatable and by enabling complex procedures, transplantation, cancer therapy and intensive care. However, antibiotic exposure is also a major selective pressure for antimicrobial resistance (AMR), particularly when antibiotics are used without a clear bacterial indication, when broad-spectrum agents are chosen unnecessarily, or when dose, route and duration are inappropriate. This narrative review synthesizes the antibiotic-focused content of the undergraduate project Evaluation of Antibiotic Usage Trends and Rationality in Clinical Practise with contemporary evidence and stewardship guidance. The review summarizes the principal antibacterial classes-lactams, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, macrolides, glycopeptides/lipoglycopeptides and aminoglycosideswith emphasis on mechanisms, clinical roles, safety considerations and resistance mechanisms. It then examines determinants of irrational use, including diagnostic uncertainty, empirical prescribing without microbiological support, self-medication, inappropriate fixed-dose combinations, excessive use of Watch antibiotics, inadequate documentation, patient expectations, limited access to diagnostics and weak antimicrobial stewardship infrastructure. Current evidence supports a structured approach based on syndrome recognition, severity assessment, microbiological sampling where appropriate, local susceptibility data, patient-specific factors, the WHO AccessWatchReserve (AWaRe) framework, timely review and de-escalation. India faces a particularly important stewardship challenge because of high antibiotic consumption, substantial community access and heterogeneous regulatory and healthcare environments. Effective stewardship therefore requires coordinated action by prescribers, pharmacists, microbiologists, nurses, administrators, regulators and patients, supported by surveillance, infection prevention, diagnostics and public education. The central message is that rational antibiotic use is not antibiotic restriction: it is the delivery of the right antibiotic, at the right dose, by the right route, for the right duration, only when the expected clinical benefit outweighs the individual and population-level harms.]]>}</description>
		</item><item>
		<title>Advances-in-Glaucoma-Diagnosis-From-Conventional-Clinical-Assessment-to-Multimodal-Imaging-and-Artificial-Intelligence-</title>
		<pubDate>25-Sep-2026</pubDate>
<link>http://ipharmsciencia.edwiserinternational.com/admin/uploads/zKGadt.pdf</link>
		<author>Kumari-S-Kumar-P-Fazal-B-et-al-</author>
		<comments>{http://www.edwiserinternational.com/contact-us.php}</comments>
		<category>Pharmaceutical Science,Medical Science</category>
		<description>{<![CDATA[Glaucoma is a group of progressive optic neuropathies characterized by retinal ganglion cell loss, optic nerve head damage and corresponding visual field impairment. Its early course is frequently asymptomatic, allowing structural injury to progress before patients recognize functional loss. The thesis underlying this review identifies glaucoma as a major cause of irreversible blindness and emphasizes the complementary roles of intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement, gonioscopy, fundus examination, visual-field testing and optical coherence tomography (OCT), while highlighting automated fundus-image analysis and artificial intelligence (AI) as emerging diagnostic tools. Current evidence supports a shift from single-test assessment toward integrated structural, functional and risk-based evaluation. Fundus photography enables scalable assessment of the optic disc, cup-to-disc ratio (CDR) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) changes; OCT provides reproducible quantitative measurements of RNFL, ganglion-cell complex and optic nerve head parameters; and visual-field testing captures the functional consequence of disease. AI and deep learning can assist with image classification, segmentation and progression analysis, with recent meta-analyses demonstrating high diagnostic performance for fundus photography and OCT, although performance is generally lower in external validation than in internal datasets. Vision-transformer and multimodal approaches are particularly promising because they can model long-range relationships and combine heterogeneous ophthalmic information. Nevertheless, AI cannot substitute for clinical examination, especially in atypical disease, myopia, media opacity and angle-closure mechanisms. This review discusses conventional and emerging diagnostic approaches, discusses their strengths and limitations, and proposes a practical multimodal diagnostic pathway for earlier and more reproducible glaucoma detection.]]>}</description>
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